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56 Skyscapers: This is mainly observed in skyscrapers or bungalows with a small site area.Here, the floor plates or the spaces are stacked vertically covering less on site area.Thus, massing observed is along the vertical axis.The spacing between the floors or addition of spaces lead to vertical massing of a structure.In vertical massing the main advantage is of infinite increase in height according to the city norms.

55 Concrete Transparency: The transparency achieved can also be termed as sciographic mass on the structure as it has light play and also play of visual mass of the structure. Thus, massing is also possible with the play of shadows just by playing with chajjas or upper floor plate areas. This is mainly observed in skyscrapers or bungalows with a small site area.

54 Greenary: These green spaces also reduce the visual weight of the structure along with play of colors in massing with tints and shades of green. Thus, massing is also possible with the play of shadows just by playing with chajjas or upper floor plate areas.  

53 Exterior Massing: The chunk of spaces allocated in the interiors when viewed as a unit or a complete set of entity gives a rough idea on the massing of the structure as viewed from the exterior.  

52 Structure Massing: Massing of any structure may it be exterior or interior gives an architectural touch to the space or form as a whole. It unknowingly increases the interest of any space or helps to create spaces within spaces. This also helps to increase the exposure of the space with the external environment and to create varied pockets full of ambience inside the structure.

51 Architectural massing: Architectural massing is depiction of well composed spaces together along with the variety of addition and subtraction of these forms of spaces as a whole. The impact that a flat façade or a plain interior wall creates is way less than the impact of a varying façade on any particular axis.  

50 Sleeper Walls: Low walls erected at intervals between the main walls to provide intermediate supports to the lowest floor.

49 Queen closer: A brick cut lengthwise into two so that each piece is half as wide as the full brick.

48 Herring-bone work: Masonry work (generally in floors) in which the bricks are laid slanting in opposite directions.

47 Coping: The capping or covering placed upon the exposed top of a wall (or parapet), usually of stone, to throw off and prevent the rain-water soaking in to it.

46 Drip: Part of a cornice or projecting sill etc., which has a projection beyond other parts for throwing off rain-water.

45 Blocking Course: A course of stones (or only one stone) placed on the top of a course to add to its appearance and also to prevent the cornice from overturning.

44 Corbel: One or more courses of brick projecting from a wall like a cornice), generally to form a support for wall plates, etc. A brick should not project more than 1/4 beyond the lower course.

43 Composite Building : A building of which part is masonry and part is either open or framed ; or a building of which part is open building and part is framed building.

42 Refractory materials: The term “refractory” is applied to various heat resisting materials such as, lire-bricks, furnace linings.